Oxidation Reaction of Cyclohexanol and Cannizzaro Reaction of Benzaldehyde

OXIDATION REACTION OF CYCLOHEXANOL AND CANNIZZARO REACTION OF BENZALDEHYDE

By

Ni Luh Gede Enik Karnila Yanti

Chemistry Education Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Ganesha University of Education

email: enikkarnilayanti@yahoo.co.id

Abstract

The aims of the experiment was to (1) undertand the oxidation-reduction reaction of organic compound (2) identify product of the reaction. The compound used are cyclohexanol and benzaldehyde were prepared by the laboratory assistant as the subjects of this experiment. The mechanism and the product of the redox reaction reaction were as the object in this experiment. The procedure was divided into two steps are cyclohexanol oxidation reaction and oxidation- reduction of aldehyde by Base Catalyst: Cannizzaro Reaction. The data obtain  are cyclohexanon as the result of cyclohexanol oxidation is 4.80 mL and has boiling point of 153^oC with percent yield is 70.86%;  the white crystal of benzoic acid resulted is 3.11 gram with percent yield is 69.84%; and the benzyl alcohol resulted is 2.8 mL and has boiling point of 205^oC with percent yield is 73.87%.

Key words: Oxidation reaction, Cyclohexanol, Cannizzaro reaction, Benzaldehyde.

Analysis of Nucleophilic and Electrophilic Substitution Reaction of Tertiary Butanol and Bromobenzene

ANALYSIS OF NUCLEOPHILIC AND ELECTROPHILIC SUBSTITUTION REACTION OF TERTIARY BUTANOL AND BROMOBENZENE

By

Ni Luh Gede Enik Karnila Yanti

Chemistry Education Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Ganesha University of Education

email: enikkarnilayanti@yahoo.co.id

Abstract

The aims of the experiment was to (1) undertand the electrophilic substitution reaction of bromobenzene and nuchleophilic substitution reaction of tert-butyl alcohol (2) identify the products of those reactions. The compound used are tertiary buthanol and bromobenzene were prepared by the laboratory assistant as the subjects of this experiment. The mechanism and the product of the substitution reaction were as the object in this experiment. The procedure was divided into two steps are electrophilic and nuchleophilic substitution reaction. Then, identification of products was done by comparing the physical and chemical properties of the products with theory. Based on comparison, it was known that this experiment produced exactly the same compound as the theory. The electrophilic substitution reaction produced result of 4– bromonitrobenzene while the nucleophilic substitution reaction produced result of tert-butyl chloride.

Key words: Nucleophilic substitution reaction, electrophilic substitution reaction, 4–bromonitrobenzene; tert-butyl chloride.

Matter, Change of Matter and Structure of Matter

Periodic Table

https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B2_gVwOLnnVXb1hPUkFIQU9BNk0/edit?usp=sharing

Macroscopic and Microscopic Concept

Macroscopic	Microscopic
Concept : copper element	Concept: atom that compose copper element

Chemistry of Iron Cobalt and Nickel

CHEMISTRY OF IRON, COBALT AND NICKEL

Group VIIIB in the periodic system are divided into 3 sub groups. That vertically called triad transition. In the modern periodic system, this third triad transition was given new classification, namely no. 8, 9, and 10. But the tendency of properties especially their chemical properties horizontally have more similarities than vertically. So it is grouped again into 3 groups of horizontal, each consisting of 3 elements. Iron, cobalt, and nickel are an element contained horizontally in the transition group VIIIB. These elements tends to have similar properties so that they can mix and form an alloy. This essay will briefly discusses about the history, abundance, isolation, properties, uses, iron, cobalt and nickel alloys and its compound namely the oxides; the metallates; the sulfides, selenides and tellurides; the halides and oxohalides; and the complexes.

Endothemic and Exothemic Reaction

ENDOTHERMIC AND EXOTHERMIC REACTIONS

By : Ni Luh Gede Enik Karnila Yanti

Chemistry Education Departement

Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Ganesha University of Education

Abstract

Endothermic reaction is the reactions that release heat energy and exothermic reaction is the reactions that absorb heat energy. Heat energy is a form of energy that was received by an object, which causes the temperature of the object, is changed shape. The objective of this experiment was to differentiate endothermic and exothermic reactions. Endothermic reactions are show by decreasing of temperature. Exothermic reactions are show by increasing of temperature.

Key word: endothermic reactions, exothermic reactions

The Determination of Unknown Solid Organic Compound by Qualitative Analysis

THE DETERMINATION OF UNKNOWN SOLID ORGANIC COMPOUND BY QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS

By

Ni Luh Gede Enik Karnila Yanti

Chemistry Education Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Ganesha University of Education

email: enikkarnilayanti@yahoo.co.id

Abstract

The aim of the experiment was to determine (1) physical properties of unknown solid organic compound, (2) the elements contained in the unknown solid organic compound, (3) the functional groups contained in the unknown solid organic compound, and (4) derivation compound of the unknown solid organic compound. Laboratory assistant prepared the unknown solid organic compound as subjects of the experiment. The object was the structure of the unknown solid organic compound. It was obtained through qualitative analysis are the physical and chemical properties of the unknown solid organic compound. The physical properties of the unknown solid organic compound has melting point of 120⁰C-120.5⁰C. The element analysis of unknown solid organic compound results carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. The functional group and derivative analysis it has unsaturated bond, aromatic structure, positive of phenol group and phenol derivative. The physical and chemical properties of the unknown organic compound were similar to the physical and chemical properties of 2-Naphthol, that means that the unknown sample is definitely 2–naphthol.

Key word: organic compound, qualitative analysis, 2-Naphthol

Chemistry of Noble Gas

CHEMISTRY OF NOBLE GAS

Noble gases are a special group because it is the most stable group in the periodic table. Noble gases have electron valence configuration s²p⁶, except helium with electron valence configuration s². This structure cause noble gases are unreactive. Although noble gases are stable and unreactive but, it could form compounds with some mechanisms. Beside that, noble gases are useful in human life. In this essay will explain briefly the properties of noble gases, their uses, as well as some compound of noble gases and their ways of preparation.